How the Stations Should Increase in a Drawing Plan

Affiliate Nine

Training OF PLANS

901 General Process

a) All plans such equally Index plans, Alphabetize sections, yard plans etc. shall be prepared in accordance with the provisions in the following capacity of the Indian Railways Code for the Technology Department (1993).

Chapter Ii - "Modes of Investigations of Railway Projects".

Chapter Iv- "Engineering Surveys -Reconnaissance, Preliminary and Concluding Location Surveys".

Chapter 5 - "Technology Survey - Project Report, Techno Economic Survey Study and Feasibility Report."

Reference may be made to IS:696-1972 'Code of Exercise for General Engineering and to special publication SP46-1988 issued by Bureau of Indian Standards for engineering cartoon do.

b) Wherever drawings are prepared in estimator compatible media, adequate care shall be exercised in maintaining redundancy copies and installing security systems.

c) Standard drawings shall not be departed from without the specific permission of the Chief Engineer.

d) When part of the work has to exist washed to a standard plan or to an existing cartoon, the fact should be so stated; such drawings demand not be reproduced. If part of the information necessary has to be supplied by the Chief Engineer's office or past an officer of some other Department, the Divisional Engineer should obtain and comprise the details on the drawings.

e) In general, all plans will exist initiated at the Divisional level [open line or construction, as appropriate]. Primary Engineer (Open line) will drawings will be approved at the Divisional level and which are to be sent to the Chief Engineer (Open line or Construction) for blessing.

Original tracings* of drawings approved by a Division will be retained at the Divisional office with sufficient number of copies sent to the Chief Engineer's function for tape and for correction of master plans.

     In respect of drawings to exist approved past the Chief .Engineer's function, the Divisional Engineer volition prepare the tracing and send it to the Main Engineer with copies marked "preliminary". When the Chief Engineer has approved the tracing, the required number of copies will be taken and sent to the Division. Original tracing in such cases will be kept in the Chief Engineer'due south role.

f) Additions and alterations to an existing programme should exist shown in cerise. Such additions and alterations will be approved by the authority who approved the original program. When the additions and alterations are approved by the Division, copies will be sent to the Chief Engineer'south office.

Later additions and alterations are  canonical, the original tracings volition exist corrected past the part where they are preserved.

m) All drawings should be quoted past their number along with their amending no. (e.grand.NR. H.Q.East. PLAN  NO. LKO/10/09-93/R1) in the estimates and in the covering letters accompanying the estimates and in all correspondence relating thereto.

h) Reference of sanction particulars such as Works Programme detail number should be shown in the program.

902 Plans for Other Departments

a) The Divisional Engineer may, at his discretion, prepare sketch plans for other Departments or other Government Departments, or for private parties. Detailed plans should be prepared when there is a likelihood of the schemes proposed being sanctioned or when the charges for preparation of plans and estimates accept been deposited.

b) When preparing plans, the Divisional Engineer should obtain complete details from other departments. He should arrange for the plans to be signed by the representative of the section concerned or the private party in token of approving and acceptance.

The terms "tracing" includes drawings/ documents which are capable of being reproduced.

903 Sizes of Drawings

a) Sizes of the trimmed sheets of all drawings, except thousand plans, should be as given in Tabular array 9.1. All plans required to exist of longer length will be in the grade of a roll, keeping the width as specified. The size to exist used would depend on the extent of details required; broad guidelines are indicated in Table 9.1.

No.	Sheet Designation	Trimmed Size (mm) (WxL)
1.	A0	841x1189	Alphabetize Program and Department. General organisation and detailed drawings for road over bridges, major/ important bridge works & of import structures, building (steel and concrete) etc.
2.	A1	594x841	General organisation.
3.	A2	420x594	Temporary arrangement & detailed drgs. for bridge works, steel structures, building and temporary arrangement drgs. for Sr. No .ane above.
4.	A3	297x420	Site plans for road over/road nether bridges, passenger platform coverings, buildings etc. and drawings for small-scale detailing.
5.	A4	210x297	Plans for inclusion in Works Programme booklets for handy reference, PERT charts of works of limited activities etc.

b) Depending on the size of a 1000, yard plans should be prepared in the trimmed widths of 841 mm or 420 mm or 210 mm. The length of the yard plans should not be more than 1189 mm when they are not intended to be kept as a curlicue. Thou plans can be in parts, if necessary, maintaining the scale for the drawing.

c) Borders enclosed by the edges of the trimmed sheet and the frame limiting the drawing space shall be as detailed in BIS: SP - 46-1988 and shown in Annexure 9.one.

d) A standard system of cartoon layout volition ensure that all necessary information is included and its essential part is located easily. The championship block should be placed at the bottom right mitt corner. Folding marks must be fabricated on the cartoon sail as shown in figures ane (a) to 1 (d) of Annexure 9.2

904 Titles and Numbering of Drawings-

a) Championship block should be of size 170 mm x 65 mm equally shown in Annexure 9.1. Following basic information should be given in the title block.

i) Proper name OF THE RAILWAY

two) NAME OF DIVN/CONSTN. ORGANIZATION

three) NAME OF WORK

4) REFERENCE TO SANCTION PARTICULARS

v) Calibration OF Cartoon AND REFERENCE TO STANDARD Cartoon, IF ANY

six)  Cartoon NUMBER

7) COMPLETION DRAWING NUMBER

viii) DATED INITIALS OF THE CONCERNED OFFICIALS

9) ALTERATIONS, IF ANY, WITH Full PARTICULARS

b) Multiple drawing sheets marked with the aforementioned number should be indicated past means of a sequential sheet number on the total number of sheets in the following way

Canvass No. = northward/p

Where n = sheet number and
p = total number of sheets

c) If a drawing cancels a previous ane, a note to this event and the number of cancelled drawing should be recorded on the cartoon. Correspondingly, the cancelled drawing should accept an appropriate endorsement.

d) In the example of land plans or plans where other Railways or Organisations are concerned, additional infinite should be provided for their signatures. In cases involving organisations other than the Railways, the designations should be written in full.

e) All signatures on tracings should exist in enduring ink and dated.

f) Every plan should bear in minor letters at the lower left hand corner the proper name and initials of the Draftsman and Tracer who prepared and checked the plan. The Head Draftsman should initial beneath the space provided for the Divisional/District Engineer'due south signature.

905 Scale of Drawings

a) All drawings except sketch plans should be drawn to scale. The scale or scales of a drawing should be indicated at the appropriate place in the title cake. Where different scales are used for details, the corresponding scales should exist shown under each relevant particular.

b) Plans should be prepared to scales as specified in Chapter Four of the Indian Railways Lawmaking for Technology Department (1993Edition).

c) Details that are as well small for consummate dimensioning in the primary representation shall be shown side by side to the main representation in a divide particular view or section which is fatigued to a larger scale. Recommended scales for details are ane:2,1:5,1:x,one:20 and 1:50.

906 Details on Drawing

a) The following information should, when applicable, be shown

i) The magnetic n point and truthful north with magnetic variation, if known and where buildings are designed to conform a particular orientation, an indication to that upshot.

2) The names of the nearest junctions or terminals stations, that on the left hand being the ane from which the kilometrage starts.

iii) The kilometrage from headquarters of the railway to the heart of the station, the kilometrage of all junction points, the zero of all branch lines, the heart of a station, junction indicate and cipher of any line, when once adopted for whatsoever 'one thousand' or portion of the line, shall be a permanent marking for all time to come references and shall not vary with additions, alterations, or remodelling of yards.

4) The original centre line of the railway together with its chainages.

5) The boundaries of land co-ordinate to the country plans. Where it does not unduly interfere with important details of the plan, side widths from the centre line and boundary posts (and desirably their numbers) should be shown.

six) Whatsoever known bench marking with the datum from which its value has been reckoned.

vii) The caste, redius, total angle of deflection and the tangent points of all curves on the line, both on the programme and in the longitudinal section. Beginning and end of transitions  together with their lengths should also be shown.

8) All gradients, together with the altitude from which the level or gradient extends out of station.

ix) All infringe pits, rivers and pipelines, streams, sullage and sewer drains together with their direction of flow. For rivers their names and the highest known alluvion levels must be given.

x) Temples, mosques and graves, roads and footpaths with the names of towns or villages they lead to. xi) The position and block numbers of buildings. Where a building consists of 2 or more storeys', the number of floors shall exist mentioned. Where outhouses be, these shall be marked "O.H. to Block No.....".

xii) In the case of foundations, the nature of the soil as determined from trial pit, and bore log details.

13) The clear length of all inspection pits, capacity of weigh-bridges in tonnes; diameter of turntables; capacity of high level tanks and of ground tanks; diameter and depth of all wells whether for drinking or for loco employ; diameter of water columns, hydrants, taps, main and subsidiary piping lines; the clear lengths and sizes of drains and sewers and tempest-h2o drains; location of septic tanks.

xiv) The length and chapters in terms of vehicles of sidings; position of fouling marks and buffer stops; distance, middle to centre of tracks; altitude of all the facing points on the main line from the middle of station; the series numbers of the turnouts; the angles of crossings; inclination of gathering lines; the altitude from the centre of station of all signals, signal cabins with their distinguishing feature, signals being shown as viewed by the Commuter and with their bases at the sites they occupy; lengths of passenger and appurtenances platforms and their heights above rail level; telegraph posts and crossings of tele-communication and power lines over head or clandestine.

xv) Road crossings with their course and location; road over bridges and underbridges;

xvi) Infringements of standard dimensions, if any.

b) Drawing for a structure including edifice should be prepared in three parts :

i) Site plan

ii) Architectural and/or General Layout drawing

iii) Structural and/or execution cartoon.

In instance of modest buildings, all these parts tin be included in one canvas just-placed distinctly.

The site plan tin can be carve up or part of an existing general plan. Site plans for new quarters should include the type cartoon numbers and bear witness the north line and direction of prevailing wind.

The Architectural cartoon should normally include footing program, department through the building in such directions as are necessary to exhibit the intended course and dimensions of the various parts, and pinnacle of one or more faces. It should invariably betoken the number of floors for which the foundation of the building is designed. It should too include roof drainage organisation, sanitary details, layout of bathrooms and layout of kitchen. Details of finishing items and specification should also be indicated in the Architectural drawing in the form of a note. Landscaping and developmental piece of work involved must likewise be shown.

The structural drawing will indicate foundation plan, details of R.C.C. members and a bar angle schedule every bit per standard I.South. bar bending specification.

c) The drawings for a bridge should include the site plan, plan and longitudinal section of the river or nala higher up and beneath the proposed site in the example of big bridges being rebuilt on account of insufficient waterway or being built at a new site and a sufficient number of cross sections showing highest flood level. If a correct survey of an of import river does not exist, the river should be surveyed for a distance of viii km upstream and ii km downwards stream, all spill channels upstream being shown on the plan; these distances of viii km and 2km are to be taken as measured at right angles to the heart line of the Railway and non along the course of the river. On these drawings, notes should be made of area of overflowing sections and hydraulic mean depths for each instance, catchment area, velocity obtained by calculation and by experiments (preferably at high overflowing ), waterway through bridge proposed to be allowed with a note on increase in velocity and probable highest flood level due to afflux, ground plan of foundations, sections through the bridge in such directions as are necessary to show the intended form and dimensions of the various parts, front and side elevation of abutments and piers, and drawings of such details as have not been standardised.

    The standard of loading for which the span is designed should be recorded in the programme and reference to the type cartoon of the particular girder should also be recorded.

d) Plans of h2o supply, pumping, storage and distribution systems should show consummate dimensions and details including reduced level of salient points. The lines should be drawn in thicker lines than the remainder of the plan and merely sufficient buildings (with their designations) and tracks shown as are necessary to make the purpose and location of pipe-lines understood.

e) Plans of drains and sewerage should show complete dimensions and details with sufficient features of the site including slope and reduced level of salient points.

f) The set of drawings should be consummate and then as to enable the work being executed equally per the specifications and standards desired.

907 Symbols and Colours on Drawings

a) Symbols to exist used on site plans and plans of station yards should adapt to BIS code SP46-1988. For other commonly accepted abbreviations and symbols, table nineteen.1 of BIS code SP46-1988 may exist referred to. (reproduced in Annexure 9.3 for ready reference).

b) For description of drawings it is sometimes necessary to shade some members/parts of members for which sections are fatigued. In such cases, colour washing/ shading in wide line may be washed on the dorsum of the tracing for the affected area.

c) In regard to black and coloured lines on tracings and prints, the following conventions should be observed :

i) Existing work that is to remain should exist in total line;

ii) Work that is to be dismantled should be in sparse clotted lines;

iii) New additional work should be in full red lines. This does non apply to a drawing in which all the work is new;

iv) New additional work that is not to be washed at the aforementioned time as the majority of the work shown on the drawing should exist in broken red lines. This does not apply to a drawing in which all the work is new;

v) Work to exist relaid or rebuilt elsewhere on the aforementioned plan should be in full yellow lines.

d) When desirable to do so, coloured lines may also be used to distinguish tracks of different railways at junctions, Thou.1000. or N.G. from B.M. tracks and buildings of dissimilar railways. If this is done, the color used should exist distinctly unlike from those mentioned above.

e) The post-obit colours will print clearly on ferro-paper:

Black ..   Indian ink
Red ..     Vermilion red or red lake
Xanthous ..  Chrome yellowish
Greenish ..   Emerald green
Blue . ..   Prussian blue Cobalt blueish
mixed with a little Chinese white.

908 Standard Drawings

Standard drawings issued past the RDSO such as for track and bridges and the Rail Manual Drawings, shall not exist traced. Copies as required should be obtained or Standard drawings should be carefully filed in each office separately from other drawings and a record thereof maintained.

909 Plans issued by the Master Engineer'due south Office

Copies/Prints of plans issued by the Chief Engineer'south function should exist carefully maintained and recorded; copies every bit required may exist obtained.

910 Plans in Divisions/Dy. Chief Engineer'due south, Assistant Engineer'due south and Section Engineer's offices:

a) The Divisional/Executive Engineers and Banana Engineers should be in possession of a set of each of the Standard Drawings, type plans, and station k plans, land plans, plans and longitudinal sections of the line, track diagrams, plans of bridges and other structures and plans of water supply and drainage as pertain to their jurisdiction. Plans in their custody should exist carefully stored.

They shall ensure that the Section Engineer of Permanent Way, Works & Bridge are in possession of necessary plans equally pertain to their jurisdiction and to works.

b) Plans need revision as and when renewals are carried out and additions or alterations are fabricated. Every endeavour should exist made to keep the rail diagrams and plans, particularly of station yards and colonies, up-to-appointment and the Chief Engineer's office kept brash with details. When alterations are extensive and cannot be shown on an existing programme, a fresh plan should be prepared.

911 Completion Drawings

a) Signed copies should be submitted by Assistant Engineer or the Engineer responsible to the Divisional/Dy. Chief Engineer for works completed to the approved drawings. These should indicate the work as actually carried out, special care being taken that the piece of work below basis is correctly shown and nature of soils met with recorded. Alterations or modifications which may have been fabricated from the working plans should be marked on the prints in red ink. When several structures are erected at the same time in the same locality and to the same drawings, one completion cartoon may exist submitted. If the structures or buildings differ only in foundations, the completion cartoon should bear witness the superstructure common to all, and separately the foundations of each edifice, designated in such a mode that the separate foundation drawings tin can be identified with the different buildings.

b) The Divisional/Dy. Chief Engineers should prepare fresh tracings if the alterations are numerous, showing the works every bit really built. Such tracings will have "completion drawing number" stencilled in red letters in the space provided in Title Block and Divisional Engineer's signature appended thereto.

If pocket-sized alterations have been made, the original tracing may be amended in the Bounded/Executive Engineer's office and marked "completion drawing".

c) In case of drawings approved at the divisional level, the original tracing of completion drawing will exist kept at the bounded role with sufficient number of copies endorsed to Chief Engineer for record and incorporation in chief programme.

In case of drawings approved by the Chief Engineer, the "Completion cartoon" prepared by the division will be sent to the Chief Engineer for incorporating in the original tracing mark the same as "completion drawing".

d) The completion drawing of a bridge should show, in improver to all dimensions, the following -

i) Reduced level of track.

two) Reduced level of bed blocks or crown and springing of curvation or underside of slabs.

iii) Reduced levels of top and lesser of founds. If on piles or wells, reduced level of bottom should be given and complete drawings showing the strata passed through with details of any tests fabricated.

iv) Nature of soil.

When possible without undue labour and expense, these levels should be connected to a permanent bench mark, but where this is not readily bachelor, the reduced level equally given in the longitudinal section should exist taken every bit correct. In all cases, a note must be added stating from where the datum level has been obtained.

912 Care and Filing of Tracing

a) Tracing shall not be used for reference as they are likely to get lost or damaged. Required number of prints should be supplied to Engineers and Inspectors; each particular project file should comprise a print of the works relating to it.

b) Tracing should not exist folded. Should it be necessary to send a tracing from ane on ice 10 another, ii shall exist roiled and inserted in a cardboard cylinder.

c) Prints should be folded as indicated in para 903(d) above. Two methods of folding are shown in Annexure 9.2A & ix.2B. When prints are rolled for despatch, they should be rolled with the title head outwards.

d) The Records Section of each Drawing Co-operative may file every tracing and original drawing on the basis of the subjects classification and the index-menu-filing system. Each drawer of the index-menu-cabinet should be distinguished by a classification number, the organisation of classification being adamant by C.Due east. Each card should exist consummate equally regards championship of the cartoon, other connected drawings, file-reference and the drawer number in which the original is stored.

Storage drawers should have placards on the outside indicating the contents in each. The plans should be stored flat in shallow drawers of user-friendly dimensions. Probability of damage past moths or white ants should be guarded against.

eastward) Wherever plant convenient The Principal Engineer can put the original records/drawings on microfilm or they may exist computerised for future records.

ANNEXURE 9.1

ANNEXURE 9.2

Source :SP 46-1988

                                                                                                                             ANNEXURE9.3
Para 907(

ABBREVIATIONS

1. Scope - This department covers such of the abbreviations which are recommended for employ in general applied science drawings. Abbreviations already covered in specific subjects, such every bit units and quantities, tolerancing, gears, fluid power, electrical and electronics are not dealt in this department.

2. Enclosed Table lists some of the common abbreviations recommended. Abbreviations are the same both for atypical and plural usage. Just upper-case letter letters are used for abbreviations to ensure maintenance of legibility begetting in mind reproduction and reduction process. Abbreviations which have already been standardized nationally/ internationally using lower case letters should, however, exist written co-ordinate to the respective standard.

2.ane When using abbreviations and symbols in engineering drawings, the following points are to be borne in mind.

a) They should be used sparingly only when space saving in a drawing is essential.

b) Short words such as 'day', 'unit', 'fourth dimension', etc. should preferably be written in full, fifty-fifty when an abbreviation has been standardized.

c) Periods (total cease symbol) are not to exist used except where the abridgement marks a work (for example, No; FIG.)

d) For hyphenated words, abbreviations are to be with the hyphen.

due east) Sometimes one and the small alphabetic character symbol may represent more than than ane term or quantity. Hence information technology is advisable not to utilize such symbols to mean ii different terms in one and the same drawing. If it becomes unavoidable, the symbols may be provided with suitable sub script.

RECOMMENDED ABBREVIATIONS

Term	Abbreviations
Across corners	A/C
Across flats	A/F
Alteration	ALT
Approved	APPD
Gauge	APPRO
Arrangement	ARRGTX
Assembly	ASSY
Auxiliary	AUX
Begetting	BRG
Bureau of Indian Std.	BIS
Cast Iron	CI
Centre Line	CL
Centre of gravity	CG
Centre to Centre	C/C
Centres	CRS
Chamfered	CHMED
Checked	CHKD
Cheese head	CHHD
Constant	CONST
Continued	CONTD
Counterbore	C'Bore
Countersunk head	CSK HD
Countersunk	CSK
Cylinder/Cylindrical	CYL
Diameter (in a note)	DIA
Dimension	DIM
Cartoon	DRG
East	E
Etcetera	Etc
External	EXT
Figure	FIG.
General	GEN
Ground Level	GL
Haxagon/Hexagonal	HEX
Head	HD
Horizontal	HORZ
Hydraulic	HYD
Inspection/ed	INSP
Inside diameter	ID
Insulation	INSUL
Internal	INT
Left Hand	LH
Long	LG
Material	MATL
Machine/Machinery	Chiliad/C
Manufacture/ing	MFG
Maximum	MAX
Mechanical	MECH.
Minimum	MIN.
Miscellaneous	MISC.
Modification	MOD.
Nominal	NOM.
North	N.
Number	NO.
Opposite	OPP.
Exterior	OD.
Pitch circle diameter	PCD
Quantity	QTY.
Radius (in a note)	RAD
Required	REQD.
Right Hand	RH
Circular	RD.
Reference	REF.
Screw/Screwed	SCR.
Serial Number	SL. NO.
Sheet	SH
Southward	S
Sketch	SK.
Specification	SPEC
Standard	STD
Spotface	SF
Symmetrical (in a note)	SYM
Temperature (" ")	TEMP
Thick	THK
Thread (in a annotation)	THD
Through (in a note)	THRU
Tolerance	TOL
Typical	TYP
Undercut (in a note)	U/C
Weight	WT
West	Due west
With reference to/With respect to (in a note)	WRT
Material	MATL

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Source: https://indianrailways.gov.in/railwayboard/uploads/codesmanual/IRWM/worksmanualCh9_data.htm

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